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Kodakintroduces $1.00 Brownie Cameras

The Chicago River is completely reversed

Sigmund Freud publishes [The Interpretation of Dreams]

Max Planck formulates Quantum Theory

U.S. population exceeds 75 million

Saarinen designs and supervised the building of the Finnish Pavillion for the Exposition Universelle (1900) in Paris

Guglielmo Marconi receives the first trans-Atlantic radio signal

U.S. President McKinley Assassinated

First Nobel Prizes Awarded

Queen Victoria Dies

U.S. Steel founded by John Pierpont Morgan

latiron Building, designed by Daniel Burnham is built in New York City

Hill House, designed by Charles Rennie Mackintosh is built in Scotland

Hvitträskis designed as a home for the partners of Gesellius, Lindgren, and Saarinen

Rue Franklin Apartments designed by Auguste Perret in Paris

First Rose Bowl game played

First World Series

Ford Motor Company formed in Detroit

Silent Movie, The Great Train Robbery

First flight, December 17, 1903 at Kitty Hawk by the Wright Brothers

George and Ellen Booth purchased 174 acres in Bloomfield Hills, MI for their summer home. The original farmhouses are constructed on the current site of Kingswood School

The original farmhouse of Samuel Alexander is remodeled and called the "Cottage"

Farm buildings are constructed on the Kingswood School site (Farm Group #1)

The Larkin Larkin Administration Building, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright is built in Buffalo, New York

Saarinen married Louise (Loja) Gesellius, sculptor, in Helsinki

New York City subway opens

Ground broken on Panama Canal

The Austrian Postal Savings Bank designed by Otto Wagner, is built in Vienna

Saarinen wins first prize in Helsinki Central railway station competition. He then traveled with his wife, studying railroad stations in Germany, England, and Scotland

Einstein proposes his Theory of Relativity

Saarinen has a daughter Eva-Lisa (Pipsan) on March 31

Unity Temple, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright is built in Oak Park, Illinois

The Chicago White Sox defeat the Chicago Cubs in the only all-Chicago World Series

The Royal Navy launches the HMS Dreadnought, a revolutionary battleship

Morgan Library, designed by McKim, Mead, and White, is built in New York

San Francisco Earthquake

Casa Batlló, designed by Gaudi, is built in Barcelona

Picasso introduces Cubism with his painting Les Demoiselles d'Avignon

National Farmers' Bank, designed by Louis Sullivan, is built in Owatonna, Minnesota

Plastic is invented

Original frame boat house erected

Cranbrook House, designed by Albert Kahn, is built in Bloomfield Hills

Federal Bureau of Investigation established

Earthquake in Messina, Italy kills 60,000

Ford Model T appears on market

Adolf Loos publishes his essay "Ornament and Crime"

Gamble House, designed by Greene & Greene, is built in Pasadena

NAACP founded by W. E. B. DuBois

Robert Peary plants American flag at North Pole

Robie House, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, is built in Chicago

North garden constructed

A. E. G. Turbine Factory, designed by Peter Behrens is built in Berlin

Boy Scouts of America chartered

Casa Milà, designed by Gaudi, is built in Barcelona

Saarinen has a son Eero on August 20

Saarinen works on extensive city-planning project of Munksnäs-Haga and published a book on the subject

Pennsylvania Station, designed by McKim, Mead, and White, is built in New York

Steiner House, designed by Adolf Loos, is built in Vienna

The Tango catches on

Greenhouse completed, replacing the earlier one attached to the house; Burrowes and Wells, architects

Twin Cottage constructed; Burrowes and Wells, architects

Sunken garden and Promenade balustrade begun

The Chinese Revolution

The Incan city of Machu Picchu is discovered

The Mona Lisa is stolen

Supreme Court breaks up Standard Oil

Saarinen becomes consultant in city-planning for Reval, Estonia and Budpest, Hungary

Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire

Service buildings completed; Burrowes and Wells, architects

East Terrace constructed

Farm buildings constructed on Cranbrook School site; Burrowes and Wells, architects (Farm Group #2)

New Mexico and Arizona become states

Saarinen meets Carl Milles for the first time

SOS accepted as Universal Distress Signal

Frank Lloyd Wright begins work on Taliesin in Spring Green, Wisconsin

The Titanic sinks

Rock garden (Oriental Garden) established

Henry Ford creates an assembly line for automobile manufacturing

Great Lakes Storm of 1913

Saarinen publishes a brochure on a plan for the development of greater Reval, Estonia

The Woolworth Building, designed by Cass Gilbert, is built in New York

West Terrace constructed - water garden pool

Tower Cottage enlarged for James Scripps Booth

Fagus Factory, designed by Walter Gropius, is built in Germany

Panama Canal officially opened

Saarinen was made corresponding member of the Deutsche Werkbund in Germany and was invited to participate in the exhibition in Cologne in 1914

First traffic light system installed

World War I begins

West Terrace fountain installed

Swimming pool at Greek Theater built

Cascade from pool built

Le Corbusier completes studies for his Dom-ino Houses.

Opening exhibit of the Munksnäs-Haga project in Helsinki

Brookside Cottage (Stoney House) constructed from the Pump House for Farm Group Number One

Greek Theater constructed; Burrowes and Wells, architects

Booths purchased the Crane Lantern for Oriental Garden

Flowing Well (Rainbow Fountain) built; Marcus R. Burrowes, architect

De Stijl movement founded in the Netherlands

First Self-Service Grocery Store opens in U.S.

Imperial Hotel, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, is built in Tokyo

Saarinen Became member of the jury for the city-planning of Bergen, Norway

Saarinen worked on the city plan for greater Helsinki

U.S. enters World War I

First Pulitzer Prizes awarded

Boat House completed; Marcus R. Burrowes, architect

Samuel Yellin gates installed at south entrance of Cranbrook House

New Morris Mill constructed

Hallidie Building is credited as having the first glass-curtain wall

Saarinen is honored by the government of Finland for the Helsinki Central railway station

Cranbrook House additions begun-- west wing, east wing, servants’ wing, library wing; Albert Kahn, architect

Meeting House constructed on Cranbrook Road; George G. and Henry S. Booth, architects servants’ wing, library wing; Albert Kahn, architect

North stairway from Cranbrook House to Glassenbury Lake (Kingswood Lake) begun

Walter Gropius founds the Bauhaus in Weimar, Germany

July 27, the Chicago Race Riot of 1919

18th Amendment: Prohibition

Treaty of Versailles ends World War I

Oak Room at CH begins construction (1919-20); Albert Kahn, architect

Red Scare McCarthyism

The Einstein Tower, designed by Erich Mendelsohn, is built in in Potsdam

The first radio news program was broadcast August 31, 1920 in Detroit, Michigan

Saarinen became a member of the Finnish Academy of Art

U.S. population tops 100 million

19th Amendment: Women's suffrage

Wallace House built

The Hollyhock House, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, is built in Los Angeles

The Schindler House, designed by Rudolf Schindler, is built in West Hollywood

Vegetable garden built east of Tower Cottage

Aviary built between Morning Room and Library at Cranbrook House

Fire House added to Tower Cottage

Saarinen made a corresponding member of Society of Arts and Crafts in Budapest

Hearst Castle, designed by Julia Morgan, is built in San Simeon, CA

Mussolini marches on Rome

Monument to the Third International is designed by Vladimir Tatlin (unbuilt)

Saarinen receives second place in competition for Chicago Tribune Tower

Bloomfield Hills School, now called Brookside School, opened its doors to students in the upper floor of the Meeting House

Italian Cottage built

Charleston dance becomes popular

Ennis House, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, is built in Los Angeles

Saarinen moves to Evanston, Illinois, where he worked on his scheme for the development of the Chicago lake front

Saarinen moves to Evanston, Illinois, where he worked on his scheme for the development of the Chicago lake front

Saarinen moves to Evanston, Illinois, where he worked on his scheme for the development of the Chicago lake front

Saarinen moves to Evanston, Illinois, where he worked on his scheme for the development of the Chicago lake front

Saarinen moves to Evanston, Illinois, where he worked on his scheme for the development of the Chicago lake front

Saarinen moves to Evanston, Illinois, where he worked on his scheme for the development of the Chicago lake front

Talking movies invented

Time Magazine Founded

Tomb of King Tut discovered

Le Corbusier publishes Vers une architecture (Towards A New Architecture)

Yankee Stadium opens

Forecourt of Cranbrook House rebuilt along present lines

Turtle Fountain installed

Clay tennis court erected south of Tower Cottage

First addition to Brookside School; George G. Booth, architect

Saarinen elected vice-president of the international Federation for Town and Country Planning and Garden Cities

Vladimir Lenin dies

Saarinen became a visiting professor of architecture at the University of Michigan

First Olympic Winter Games

The Schröder House, designed by Gerrit Rietveld, is built in Utrecht

Actors Court added to Greek Theater; Henry S. Booth, architect

Pavilion ("Garden House") built along Lone Pine Road; Albert Kahn, architect

West Terrace reflecting pool built

Henry Booth designed an art academy at Cranbrook for his final student project at the University of Michigan

The Bauhaus, designed by Walter Gropius, is built in Dessau

The Scopes (Monkey) Trial

Flapper dresses in-style

Hitler publishes Mein Kampf

Eliel Saarinen completed a master plan for the proposed art academy at Cranbrook

Theatre Bridge built

Christ Church Cranbrook constructed; Bertram Goodhue Associates, architects

Cranbrook School for Boys constructed; Eliel Saarinen, architect

Saarinen's daughter. Pipsan, marries J. Robert F. Swanson, architect, of Bloomfield Hills

Gertrude Ederle became the first woman to swim the English Channel

Lovell Beach House, designed by Rudolf Schindler, is built in Newport Beach, CA

Robert Goddard fires the first Liquid-Fuel Rocket

Work on the first Academy building, the Cranbrook Architectural Office; Swanson and Booth, architects

Thornlea House built; Henry S. Booth, architect

Beresford House constructed; Swanson and Booth, architects

Christ Church Cranbrook constructed; Bertram Goodhue Associates, architects

Cranbrook School for Boys constructed; Eliel Saarinen, architect

Cottages #1 and #2 built, Cranbrook School; Henry S. Booth, architect

BBC founded

Villa Stein, designed by Le Corbusier, is built in Garches, France

Charles Lindberghmakes first trans-Atlantic flight

The Jazz Singer becomes the first feature-length motion picture with talking sequences

The Weißenhofsiedlung is held at Stuttgart, Germany

Babe Ruth makes Home-Run record

Christ Church Cranbrook constructed; Bertram Goodhue Associates, architects

Cranbrook School for Boys constructed; Eliel Saarinen, architect

Cottages #1 and #2 built, Cranbrook School; Henry S. Booth, architect

Hedgegate House built; L.J. Heenan, architect

Cranbrook School opened (September 1927)

Christ Church Cranbrook constructed; Bertram Goodhue Associates, architects

Cranbrook School for Boys constructed; Eliel Saarinen, architect

Kingswood School started at Brookside School

Headmaster’s House (now CAA faculty residences Eliel Saarinen, architect

First arts and Crafts Building, CAA Eliel Saarinen, Architect

Pine Hill Cottage #1 Cranbrook Architectural Office

Thornlea Pool built

Academy Group Residences #1 and #2(Saarinen and Milles Houses)Eliel Saarinen, architect

Faculty Way Residences Cranbrook Architectural Office

Carl Milles settles at Cranbrook

Cranbrook School for Boys constructed; Eliel Saarinen, architect

Headmaster’s House (now CAA faculty residences Eliel Saarinen, architect

First arts and Crafts Building, CAA Eliel Saarinen, Architect

Pine Hill Cottage #1 Cranbrook Architectural Office

Thornlea Pool built

Academy Group Residences #1 and #2(Saarinen and Milles Houses)Eliel Saarinen, architect

Faculty Way Residences Cranbrook Architectural Office

Brookside School, main addition Henry S. Booth, architect

Brookside House Henry S, Booth, architect

Keppel Gymnasium, Cranbrook School Eliel Saarinen, architect

Valley Way Houses Cranbrook Architectural Office

March 2 - Mahatma Gandhi informs British viceroy of India that civil disobedience would begin nine days later

July 7 - Building of the Boulder Dam (now known as Hoover Dam) is started.

January 13 - The Mickey Mouse comic strip makes its first appearance

February 18 - While studying photographs taken in January, Clyde Tombaugh discovers Pluto

William Van Alen completes the Chrysler Building, an Art Deco skyscraper in New York, USA

Cranbrook School for Boys constructed; Eliel Saarinen, architect

Academy Group Residences #1 and #2(Saarinen and Milles Houses)Eliel Saarinen, architect

Faculty Way Residences Cranbrook Architectural Office

Brookside House Henry S, Booth, architect

Keppel Gymnasium, Cranbrook School Eliel Saarinen, architect

Valley Way Houses Cranbrook Architectural Office

Saarinen made honorary member of the Architects' Society of Finland

Saarinen exhibited at the International Architectural and Arts Exposition, New York

March 3 - The Star-Spangled Banner is adopted as the United States National anthem.

March 17 - Nevada legalizes gambling.

- Construction of the Empire State Building is completed in New York City.

The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York holds its exhibition on modern architecture, coining the term "International Style."

Academy Studio #4 built (Milles Studio)Eliel Saarinen, architect

Kingswood School Cranbrook built, Eliel Saarinen, architect

Rockefeller Center constructed.

March 19 - Sydney Harbour Bridge opens.

December 27 - Radio City Music Hall opens in New York City.

February 15 - Clara, Lu & Em, generally regarded as the first daytime network soap opera, debuts in its morning time slot over the Blue Network of NBC Radio, having originally been a late evening program.

Academy Studio #4 built (Milles Studio)Eliel Saarinen, architect

Academy Studio #5 built, Eliel Saarinen, architect

June - Saarinen appointed President of Cranbrook Academy of Art

July 22. Wiley Post becomes first person to fly solo around the world, traveling 15,596 miles in 7 days, 18 hours, and 45 minutes.

March 23 - The Reichstag passes the Enabling Act, making Adolf Hitler dictator of Germany.

October 17 - Albert Einstein arrived in the United States as a refugee from Nazi Germany.

March 12 - Great Depression: Franklin Delano Roosevelt addresses the nation for the first time as President of the United States. This was also the first of his "Fireside Chats".

March 2 - The original film version of King Kong, starring Fay Wray, premieres at Radio City Music Hall and the Roxy Theater in New York City.

February 17 - The magazine Newsweek is published for the first time.

June 6 - The first drive-in theater opened in Camden, New Jersey.

March 20 - Dachau, the first Nazi concentration camp, is completed - opened March 22.

Academy Studio #5 built, Eliel Saarinen, architect

Jonah Lake created, Cranbrook Architectural Office

January 1 - Alcatraz becomes a federal prison.

May 11 - Dust Bowl: A strong two-day dust storm removes massive amounts of Great Plains topsoil in one of the worst dust storms of the Dust Bowl.

January 26 - The Apollo Theater opens in Harlem, New York City.

November 5 - Parker Brothers releases the board game Monopoly.

March - Saarinen acted as a jury member in a national competition for small-home designs, sponsored by General Electric

Saarinen lectured on architecture at the School of Fine Arts, Yale University, New Haven

Loja Saarinen exhibited weaving and textiles with Pipsan and Robert Swanson at the Museum of the Cranbrook Academy of Art

Loja Saarinen showed special weaving and textile collection with Pipsan at the Metropolitan Museum of Art

November 23 - The first edition of Life is published.

Frank Lloyd Wright designs his monumental inward-looking Johnson Wax Headquarters in Racine, Wisconsin, USA

Dormitory #2, Cranbrook Academy of Art, Eliel Saarinen, architect

Cranbrook Institute of Science, Eliel Saarinen, architect

January 19 - Howard Hughes sets a new air record by flying from Los Angeles to New York City in 7 hours, 28 minutes and 25 seconds.

May 6 - In United States, the German airship Hindenburg bursts into flame when mooring to a mast in Lakehurst, New Jersey.

May 27 - In California, the Golden Gate Bridge opens to pedestrian traffic creating a vital link between San Francisco and Marin County. The next day, President Franklin D. Roosevelt pushes a button in Washington, DC signaling the start of vehicle traffic

Fallingwater, also known as the Edgar J. Kaufmann Sr. Residence, is a house designed by Frank Lloyd Wright in 1935-7 in rural southwestern Pennsylvania.

Loja Saarinen exhibited rugs and carpets at the World Exposition in Paris

Cranbrook Institute of Science, Eliel Saarinen, architect

Music Studios built at Cranbrook School, Eliel Saarinen, architect

Church School Wing built at Christ Church Cranbrook, Bertram Goodhue Associates, architects

Church School Wing built at Christ Church Cranbrook, Bertram Goodhue Associates, architects

Church School Wing built at Christ Church Cranbrook, Bertram Goodhue Associates, architects

HSB Studio built

Orpheus Fountain installed

Dormitories #3 - #6, garage, Studios #5 and #6 erected at the Academy, Eliel Saarinen, architect

August 17 - The Wizard of Oz, starring Judy Garland, premieres at the Capitol Theater in New York City.

December 15 - The film version of Gone With The Wind, starring Vivien Leigh, Clark Gable, Olivia DeHavilland and Leslie Howard, premieres at Loew's Grand Theater in Atlanta, Georgia.

Loja Saarinen exhibits her weaving at Golden Gate Internatioal Exhibition with Pipsan, San Francisco

Additions to Brookside School, Henry Booth, architect

Cranbrook Academy of Art Library and Museum, Eliel Saarinen, architect

October 15 - First release of The Great Dictator, directed by Charlie Chaplin who is cast as fascist dictator Adenoid Hynkel, clearly modeled on Führer Adolf Hitler of Nazi Germany.

1. May 10 - With the resignation of Neville Chamberlain, Winston Churchill becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

May 15 - McDonald's founded. Dick and Mac McDonald open their first restaurant in San Bernardino, California, featuring a broad menu includig barbecue. Eight years later, they would streamline production to focus on hamburgers only.

September 7 - WWII: The Blitz - Nazi Germany begins to rain bombs on London. This will be the first of 57 consecutive nights of strategic bombing.

North Christian Church, Columbus, Indiana done by Eero Saarinen.

First Christian Church, Columbus, IN by Eliel Saarinen.

Cranbrook Academy of Art Library and Museum, Eliel Saarinen, architect

Senior Cabin at Kingswood School built, Henry Booth, architect

Addition to Thornlea- Marshall Fredericks Fountain

October 31 - After 14 years of work, drilling is completed on Mount Rushmore.

September 6 - Holocaust: The requirement to wear the Star of David with the word "Jew" inscribed, is extended to all Jews over the age of 6 in German-occupied areas.

December 7, December 8 (in Japan standard time) - Japanese Navy launches a surprise attack consisting of two full regiments on the United States fleet at Pearl Harbor, thus drawing the United States into World War II.

August 1 - The first jeep is produced

Cranbrook Academy of Art Library and Museum, Eliel Saarinen, architect

Lindquist Hall, Cranbrook School, Cranbrook Architectural Office

January 1 - WWII: The term "United Nations" is first officially used to describe the Allied pact.

Cranbrook Academy of Art Library and Museum, Eliel Saarinen, architect

Loja Saarinen designed and wove a tapestry for Tabernacle Church of Christ, Columbus, Indiana

June 6 - WWII: Battle of Normandy begins - Operation Overlord, code named D-Day, commences with the landing of 155,000 Allied troops on the beaches of Normandy in France. The allied soldiers quickly break through the Atlantic Wall and push inland in the la

May 8 - WWII: V-E Day (Victory in Europe, as Nazi Germany surrenders) commemorates the end of World War II in Europe.

October 29 - At Gimbel's Department Store in New York City, the first ballpoint pens go on sale at $12.50 each.

April 12 - United States President Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1933-1945) dies suddenly at Warm Springs, Georgia; Vice President Harry S. Truman (1945-1953) becomes the 33rd President.

December 27 - Twenty-eight nations sign an agreement creating the World Bank.

January 27 - The Red Army arrives at Auschwitz and Birkenau in Poland and find the Nazi concentration camp where 1.3 million people were murdered.

uly 16 - Nuclear testing: The Trinity Test, the first test of an atomic bomb, using 6 kilograms of plutonium, succeeds in detonating, unleashing an explosion equivalent to that of 19 kilotons of TNT.

August 6 - WWII: the Atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan at 8:16 AM (local time). August 9 - The United States detonates an atomic bomb nicknamed "Fat Man" over the city of Nagasaki, Japan at 11:02 AM (local time)

Addition to Stoney House

October 15 - Nuremberg Trials: Founder of the Gestapo and recently convicted Nazi war criminal, Hermann Göring, poisons himself hours before his scheduled execution.

Project Diana bounces Radar waves off the Moon, measuring the exact distance between the earth and the moon and proving that the communication was possible between the earth and outer space, effectively opening the space age

St. Dunstan's Guild begins leasing Pavilion from Cranbrook Foundation

December 22 - the first practical Transistor is demonstrated.

July 26 - Cold War: U.S. President Harry S. Truman signs the National Security Act into United States law creating the Central Intelligence Agency, Department of Defense, Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the National Security Council.

Alvar Aalto builds his Baker House at MIT.

Arch of St. Louis by Eero saarinen.

Supervisor’s Cottage, Cranbrook Institute of Science, Cranbrook Architectural Office

April 7 - The World Health Organization is established by the United Nations.

Supervisor’s Cottage, Cranbrook Institute of Science, Cranbrook Architectural Office

January 17 - The first Volkswagen Beetle to arrive in the United States, a 1948 model, is brought over to New York by Dutch businessman Ben Pon.

Charles and Ray Eames build the Eames House, also known as Case Study House #8, in Pacific Palisades, CA, USA.

Phillip Johnson's Glass House in New Canaan, CT.

June 25 - Beginning of Korean War. In the USA, people began to hoard supplies in case of rationing and shortages.

October 26 - Sister Mary Teresa begins her charity work in Calcutta and becomes known as Mother Teresa

Farnsworth House by Mies van der Rohe finished.

July 1 - Saarinen dies at his Cranbrook home

January 9 - United Nations headquarters officially opens (New York City).

November 10 - Direct dial coast-to-coast telephone service begins in the United States.

Le Corbusier completes his Unité d'Habitation in Marseilles.

July 26 - Fidel Castro and his brother lead a disastrous assault on the Moncada Barracks - preliminary to the Cuban Revolution

December 30 - The first color television sets go on sale for about $1,175 (American dollars).

Louis Kahn finishes his Yale University Art Center in New Haven, CT, USA.

March 20 - Blackboard Jungle opens in theaters featuring the song Rock Around the Clock by Bill Haley and his Comets, thus propelling Rock and Roll as a musical genre. Teenagers jump from their seats to dance to the song.

April 12 - The Salk polio vaccine is introduced.

July 17 - Disneyland opens, in Anaheim, California.

Completion of Le Corbusier's Notre-Dame-du-Haut chapel at Ronchamp, France.

February 22 - Elvis Presley enters the United States music charts for the first time, with "Heartbreak Hotel."

Crown Hall at the IIT, Chicago, designed by Mies van der Rohe, finished.

Yale Hockey Rink, Yale University, New Haven, CT done by Eero Saarinen.

TWA Terminal JFK International Airport, New York, NY by Eero Saarinen.

November 13 – Invention of the laser by Gordon Gould.

October 4 - Sputnik program: The Soviet Union launches Sputnik I, the first artificial satellite to orbit the earth.

November 3 - Sputnik program: The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 2. On board is the first animal to enter space - a dog named Laika.

The Seagram Building in New York designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Philip Johnson is completed.

Sydney Opera House,Sydney, Australia designed by Jorn Utzon, later became one of Australia National Symbol.

January 31 - The first successful American satellite, Explorer I, is launched into orbit.

July 29 - The U.S. Congress formally creates the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

May 30 - The bodies of unidentified soldiers killed in action during World War II and the Korean War are buried at the Tomb of the Unknowns in Arlington National Cemetery.

March 2 - A British team led by Sir Vivian Fuchs completes the first crossing of the Antarctic in Snow-cat caterpillar tractors and dogsled teams in 99 days

Dulles International Airport, Washington DC by Eero Saarinen.

February 17 - USA launches Vanguard II the first weather satellite.

October 21 - In New York City, the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum opens to the public. It was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright.

April 9 - Frank Lloyd Wright, arguably the most influential American architect of the 20th century dies from an abdominal obstruction.

1. March 17 - Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama, flees Tibet and travels to India.

February 22 - Lee Petty wins the first Daytona 500.

Salk Institute La Jolla, CA by Louis Kahn.

The Cairo Tower in Cairo, Egypt is completed.

John F Kennedy Jr. November 25, 1960

Clark Gable American Actor (B.1901)

May 6 - President Dwight Eisenhower signs the Civil Rights Act of 1960 into law.

July 1 - British United Airways is formed

September 5 - Cassius Clay wins the gold medal in boxing at the Rome Olympic Games.

January 14 - Elvis Presley is promoted to Sergeant in the U.S. Army

Terrace Extension, Cranbrook Institute of Science William E. Kapp, architect

The Space Needle in Seattle, Washington, United States is completed.

August 4 - Barack Obama, US Senator, author

July 2 - Ernest Hemingway commits suicide by gunshot in Sun Valley, Idaho

January 20 - John F. Kennedy becomes the 35th President of the United States

May 25 - Apollo program: President Kennedy announces before a special joint session of Congress his goal to initiate a project to put a "man on the moon" before the end of the decade.

January 16: Mickey Mantle becomes the highest paid player in Major League Baseball by signing a contract that will pay him $75,000 per season.

Skillman Wing, Cranbrook Institute of Science, Architect William E. Kapp

The TWA Terminal at JFK Airport in New York, designed by Eero Saarinen is opened.

May 10 - David Fincher, American film director

August 5 - Marilyn Monroe, American actress (b. 1926)

October 1 - The first Black student, James Meredith, registers at the University of Mississippi, escorted by Federal Marshals.

February 20 - John Glenn becomes the first US astronaut to orbit the earth in Mercury Atlas 6

March 2 - In Hershey, Pennsylvania, Wilt Chamberlain of the Philadelphia Warriors scored 100 points against the New York Knicks, breaking several National Basketball Association records.

March 7 - The MetLife Building in Manhattan, New York, United States is opened.

February 17 - Michael Jordan, American basketball player

November 22 - John F. Kennedy, 35th President of the United States (b. 1917)

August 28 - Martin Luther King, Jr. delivers his "I Have A Dream" speech on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial to an audience of at least 250,000 during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom.

July 19 - Joe Walker flies a North American X-15 to a record altitude of 106,010 metres (347,800 feet) on X-15 Flight 90. Exceeding an altitude of 100 km, this flight qualifies as a human spaceflight under international convention.

January 29 - First inductees into the Pro Football Hall of Fame are announced

Tokyo Olympic Arena, designed by Kenzo Tange is completed.

September 30 - Trey Anastasio, American musician

June 25 - Gerrit Rietveld, Dutch architect (b. 1888)

July 2 - President Lyndon Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964 into law.

April 7 - IBM announces the System/360.

February 25 in Charlotte - Cassius Clay defeated Sonny Liston by TKO in the 8th round to win the World Heavyweight Championship.

March 8 - Malcolm X, suspended from the Nation of Islam, says in New York City that he is forming a black nationalist party.

Gymasium at Kingswood School, Architects O'Dell Hewlett and Luckenbach.

December 31 – Born Nicholas Sparks, American author

August 27 - Le Corbusier Charles Edouard Jeanneret, born 1887

July 30 - War on Poverty: U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Social Security Act of 1965 into law, establishing Medicare and Medicaid.

February 20 - Ranger 8 crashes into the Moon after a successful mission of photographing possible landing sites for the Apollo program astronauts.

PGA tour's leading money winner for the year: Jack Nicklaus - $140,752

July 10 - first US Air Force aerial victories of the Vietnam War scored by F-4 Phantoms

Edison House, Cranbrook Institute of Science, Architect William P. Smith Jr.

The Gateway Arch in St Louis, Missouri, designed by Eero Saarinen is completed.

September 9 - Adam Sandler, American actor and comedian

December 15 - Walt Disney, American animated film producer (born 1901)

January 17 - A B-52 bomber collides with a KC-135 Stratotanker over Spain, dropping three 70-kiloton hydrogen bombs near the town of Palomares, and 1 into the sea.

April 14 - Pan Am places the first order for the forthcoming Boeing 747

World Cup: England defeats Germany to win the 1966 World Cup Final.

January 18 - About 8,000 U.S. soldiers land in South Vietnam; U.S. troops now total 190,000.

The South Coast Plaza shopping mall in Costa Mesa, California, designed by Victor Gruen, is opened.

November 28 - Anna Nicole Smith, American model and actress

January 3 - Jack Ruby, American killer of Lee Harvey Oswald (b. 1911)

June 23 - Cold War: U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson meets with Soviet Premier Aleksei Kosygin in Glassboro, New Jersey, for the 3-day Glassboro Summit Conference. [6]

July 1 - BBC2 becomes Europe's first colour TV broadcaster, though still experimental at this stage. The colour service is launched with live coverage from the Wimbledon Championships.

May 9 — Muhammad Ali was stripped of his World Heavyweight Champion titles and was banned from boxing by the various commissions for his refusal to be inducted into the United States Army

Kresge Apartments, Architect Swanson Associates.

Lake Point Tower in Chicago, designed by Schippereit-Heinrich Associates is completed.

Born March 26 - Kenny Chesney, American musician

August 29 - Ulysses S. Grant III, American soldier and planner (b. 1881)

June 8 - James Earl Ray is arrested for the murder of Martin Luther King Jr.

January 2 - Dr. Christian Barnard performs the first successful heart transplant.

Ultimate invented in Maplewood, New Jersey, initially as a joke

April 21 - Louise (Loja) Gesellius Saarinen died at Bloomfield Hills, Michigan

The John Hancock Center in Chicago, United States is completed.

Born September 25 - Catherine Zeta-Jones, Welsh actress

Died July 5 - Walter Gropius, German architect (b. 1883)

Died 17 August - Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (born 1886)

January 30 - The Beatles give their last public performance, on the roof of Apple Records. The impromptu concert is broken up by the police.

July 20 - Apollo program: The human race, represented by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin, lands on the Moon. Apollo 11 lifted off for the Moon on July 16 and returned safely on July 24

Australian Rod Laver, one of only two men to ever win the Grand Slam in tennis wins it for the second time.

Nature Center, Cranbrook Institute of Science, Architect Howard L Preston.

1970 - Construction begins on the Sears Tower in Chicago, designed by Bruce Graham and Fazlur Khan (of Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill).

Born May 22 - Naomi Campbell, English model and actress

Died April 16 - Richard Neutra (born 1892)

April 1 - President Richard Nixon signs the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act into law, banning cigarette television advertisements in the United States, starting on January 1, 1971.

November 11 - the British government agrees to fund development of the Rolls-Royce RB211 turbofan, rescuing the project from Rolls-Royce's bankruptcy

World Cup held in Mexico: Brazil won final 4-1 over Italy

Trump International Hotel & Tower in Manhattan, New York, United States is completed.

Born August 12 — Pete Sampras, American tennis player

Died April 13 — Michel Briere (21), star rookie ice-hockey player, Pittsburgh Penguins

April 9 - Charles Manson is sentenced to death but the sentence is commuted to life imprisonment.

February 4 - In Britain, Rolls-Royce goes bankrupt and is nationalised.

March 8 - Joe Frazier defeats Muhammad Ali in the first of three epic bouts. Frazier defends the World Heavyweight Championship in a star-studded Madison Square Garden.

1972 - The Transamerica Pyramid in San Francisco, California, designed by William Pereira, is completed.

Born May 21 - The Notorious B.I.G., American musician (d. 1997)

November 7 - U.S. presidential election, 1972: Republican incumbent Richard Nixon defeats Democratic Senator George McGovern in a landslide (the election had the lowest voter turnout since 1948, with only 55 percent of the electorate voting).

November 1 (exact date not known) - At a scientific meeting in Honolulu, Herbert Boyer and Stanley N. Cohen conceive the concept of recombinant DNA. They publish their results in November 1973 in PNAS. Separately in 1972, Paul Berg also recombines DNA in a test tube. Recombinant DNA technology has dramatically changed the field of biological sciences, especially biotechnology, and opened the door to genetically modified organisms.

US Open - Billie Jean King (first player in Open Era to repeat as singles champion)

1973 - The World Trade Center towers, designed by Minoru Yamasaki, are opened in New York.

October 20 - The Sydney Opera House is opened by Elizabeth II after 14 years of construction work.

Born August 25 - Dave Chappelle, American actor, comedian

April 8 - Pablo Picasso, Spanish artist (b. 1881)

January 22 - Roe v. Wade: The U.S. Supreme Court overturns state bans on abortion.

December 3 - Pioneer program: Pioneer 10 sends back the first close-up images of Jupiter.

Secretariat, ridden by jockey Ron Turcotte, becomes the first horse in 25 years to win the United States Triple Crown Races:

Sears Tower in Chicago, Illinois, United States is opened.

May 30 - Big L, American rapper (d. 1999)

August 26 - Charles Lindbergh, Aviator (b. 1902)

Luciano Leggio is brought to court a third time by prosecutor Cesare Terranova. This time for the murder of murder of Michele Navarra, a crime Leggio had committed 16 years earlier. Leggio is found guilty and sentenced to life imprisonment. Leggio officially remains Capo of the Corleonesi Clan, but delegates authority to his pre-consuls on the Cupola Bernardo "The Tractor" Provenzano and Salvatore Riina.

February 8 - After 84 days in space, the last crew of the temporary American space station Skylab return to Earth

North Carolina State wins 76-64 over Marquette In the semifinals of this tournament, NC State defeated UCLA 80-77 in overtime, ending UCLA's record streak of seven national titles. The last previous tournament not won by the Bruins was the 1966 tournament.

Tamarack Apartments, Architects O'Dell Hewlett and Luckenbach.

Frank House, also known as House VI, designed by Peter Eisenman

Born March 15 - Eva Longoria, American actress (Desperate Housewives)

Died June 3 - Eisaku Sato, Prime Minister of Japan, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1901)

July 1 - Gambino crime family captain and acting boss Paul Castellano and 8 associates were charged with "forming an enterprise that was designed to operate by collecting debts that had resulted from usurious loans." A directed acquittal was ordered on November 16, 1976, following the refusal of the principal witness to testify in the trial.

1975 - Bill Gates and Paul Allen develop a BASIC program for the Altair 8800. They form a company initially called Micro Soft; the company's name is later changed to Microsoft.

July 6 - In what was billed as the "Battle of the sexes," Kentucky Derby winner, Foolish Pleasure went head to head in a match race against the undefeated filly, Ruffian. In the lead, Ruffian broke a leg and after an unsuccessful operation to save her, the horse most believe to be the greatest thoroughbred filly ever, was humanely put down.

CN Tower in Toronto, Ontario, Canada completed.

Born December 1 - Matthew Shepard, American murder victim (d. 1998)

Died May 11 - Alvar Aalto, Finnish architect (b. 1898)

April 1 - Apple Computer Company is formed by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak

Art Ross Memorial Trophy as the NHL's leading scorer during the regular season: Guy Lafleur, Montreal Canadiens

Gordon Hall of Science, Cranbrook School Tarapata, MacMahon and Paulsen, Architects

January 31 - The Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris, designed by Renzo Piano, Richard Rogers and Gianfranco Franchini, is opened.

Born April 14 - Chandra Levy, American federal government intern (d. 2001)

Died October 20 - Members of the American rock group Lynyrd Skynyrd killed in a plane crash:Cassie Gaines (b. 1948) Steve Gaines (b. 1949) Ronnie Van Zant (b. 1948)

August 4 - U.S. President Jimmy Carter signs legislation creating the United States Department of Energy

2060 Chiron, first of the outer solar system asteroids known as Centaurs, discovered by Charlie Kowal.

October 1 - Pelé played the final game of his storied career at Giants Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey. He played the first half for his current club, the New York Cosmos, and the second half for his old Brazilian club Santos.

Gehry House by Frank Gehry in Santa Monica, California.

Born May 9 - Marwan al-Shehhi, United Arab Emirates hijacker (d. 2001)

Died August 21 - Charles Eames, American architect and designer (b. 1907)

May 26 - In Atlantic City, New Jersey, Resorts International, the first legal casino in the eastern United States, opens.

February 15 – Leon Spinks defeats Muhammad Ali by decision in 15 rounds to win the world's Heavyweight title

Pritzker Prize instituted by Jay A. Pritzker.

Born January 16 - Aaliyah, American singer (d. 2001)

Died January 26 - Nelson Rockefeller, Governor of New York, Vice President of the United States (b. 1908)

November 4 - Iran hostage crisis begins: 3,000 Iranian radicals, mostly students, invade the U.S. Embassy in Tehran and take 90 hostages (53 of whom are American). They demand that the United States send the former Shah back to Iran to stand trial.

VisiCalc becomes the first spreadsheet program.

US Open - Tracy Austin, youngest US Open Champion at the age of 16 years, 8 months and 28 days defeating 4-time defending champion Chris Evert 6-4, 6-3 in the final after defeating 2nd seeded Martina Navratilova in the semifinal making Evert lose for the first time in 32 matches.

Renovation including Enclosure to outdoor Hockey Rink, Architect O'Dell Hewlett

The Hopewell Centre in Hong Kong, China is completed.

Born January 25 - Alicia Keys, American musician

Died February 14 - Victor Gruen (born 1903)

April 30 - Iranian Embassy Siege: Six Iranian-born terrorists take over the Iranian embassy in London, UK. SAS retakes the Embassy on May 5; 1 terrorist survives.

Celltech becomes the UK's first biotechnology company.

October 2- Larry Holmes defeats Muhammad Ali by a knockout in round eleven to retain boxing's WBC world Heavyweight title, in what would be Ali's last world title bout.

February 22 - The United States Olympic Hockey Team defeats the Soviet Union in the semifinals of the Winter Olympics, in the Miracle on Ice.

Nelson Smith, 1980 Painting

Kingswood Library remodeled, IMP Associates, Architects.

JPMorgan Chase Tower, Houston, Texas designed by I. M. Pei is completed.

Born January 3 - Eli Manning, American football player

Died May 11 - Bob Marley, Jamaican singer and musician (b. 1945)

March 30 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan is shot in the chest outside a Washington, D.C. hotel by John Hinckley, Jr.. Two police officers and Press Secretary James Brady are also wounded.

August 12 - IBM PC released

Hart Memorial Trophy for the NHL's Most Valuable Player: Wayne Gretzky, Edmonton Oilers

November 13 - Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC, designed by Maya Ying Lin is dedicated.

Born September 27 - Darrent Williams, Denver Broncos cornerback (d. 2007)

Died March 6 - Ayn Rand, Russian-born author (b. 1905)

December 7 - The first U.S. execution by lethal injection is carried out in Texas.

October 1 - Sony launches the first consumer compact disc player (model CDP-101).

Roy Slade, President, Cranbrook Academy of Art, (1974-94)

Gerhardt Knodel, Artist-in-Residence, Fiber (1970-1995)

Trump Tower in New York, United States is completed.

Born May 11 - Holly Valance, Australian actress and singer

Died July 1 - Buckminster Fuller, American architect (b. 1895)

November 2 - Martin Luther King Day: At the White House Rose Garden, U.S. President Ronald Reagan signs a bill creating a federal holiday on the third Monday of every January to honor American civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr.

July 15 - The Nintendo Entertainment System goes on sale in Japan

Super Bowl XVII: Washington Redskins won their first Super Bowl title, and first NFL title since 1942, 27-17 over the Miami Dolphins.

The Deutsche Bank Tower in Frankfurt am Main, Germany is completed.

Born June 24 - J.J. Redick, American basketball player

Died January 14 - Ray Kroc, American entrepreneur (b. 1902)

January 22 - The Apple Macintosh, the first consumer computer to use a computer mouse and GUI interface, is introduced by Apple Computer corporation

Stanley Cup: Edmonton Oilers won 4 games to 1 over the New York Islanders

The first tower in the World Financial Center in Manhattan, New York, United States is completed.

Born March 2 - Reggie Bush, American football player

March 28 - Marc Chagall, Russian-born painter (b. 1887)

November 19 - Cold War: In Geneva, U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev meet for the first time.

September 1 - A joint American-French expedition locates the wreck of the RMS Titanic.

World Series: The Kansas City Royals defeat the St. Louis Cardinals 4 games to 3, becoming the first team to win the World Series after losing the first two games at home.

Cranbrook School and Kingswood School merge into Cranbrook Kingswood Upper School after a heated debate

The Lloyd's Building in London, designed by Richard Rogers is completed.

Born June 3 - Rafael Nadal, Spanish tennis player

January 28 - Crew of Space Shuttle Challenger: Greg Jarvis (b. 1944) Christa McAuliffe (b. 1948) Ronald McNair (b. 1950) Ellison Onizuka (b. 1946) Judith Resnik (b. 1949) Francis R. Scobee (b. 1939) Michael J. Smith (b. 1945)

February 25 - EDSA Revolution: President Ferdinand Marcos of the Philippines goes into exile in Hawaii after 20 years of rule; Corazon Aquino becomes the first Filipino woman president, first as an interim president.

January 28 - Space Shuttle Challenger explodes on launch, killing all seven astronauts aboard.

January 26 - Super Bowl XX: Chicago Bears won 46-10 over the New England Patriots

De Salle Auditorium, Cranbrook Academy of Art Robert Saarinen Swanson and George Zonars, Architects

One Liberty Place in Philadelphia, United States is completed.

Born April 19 - Maria Sharapova, Russian tennis player

Died September 23 - Bob Fosse, American theater choreographer and director (b. 1927)

December 29 - Prozac® makes its debut in the US

March 7 in Las Vegas, Nevada, Mike Tyson adds the WBA heavyweight title to his WBC belt when he beats James Smith in a 12 round decision.

The Wells Fargo Center in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States is completed.

Born August 8 - Jeff Weise, American murderer (d. 2005)

Died January 22 - Parker Fennelly, American comedian and actor (b. 1891)

April 18 - United States Navy forces retaliate for the Roberts mining with Operation Praying Mantis, in a day of strikes against Iranian oil platforms and naval vessels.

November 2 - The Morris worm is unleashed on the Internet

December 31 - In a game between the Pittsburgh Penguins and New Jersey Devils, Mario Lemieux scores five goals and becomes the only player in NHL history to score a goal in all five possible game situations in the same game: even-strength, power play, shorthanded, penalty shot, and empty net

Restoration Saarinen House, Greg Wittkopp, curator in charge

Louvre Pyramid is completed.

Born June 2 - Freddy Adu, Ghanaian-born footballer

Died January 23 - Salvador Dalí, Spanish artist (b. 1904)

March 24 - Exxon Valdez oil spill: In Alaska's Prince William Sound the Exxon Valdez spills 240,000 barrels (11 million gallons) of oil after running aground.

March 23 - Stanley Pons and Martin Fleischmann announce cold fusion at the University of Utah

PGA Tour leading money winner for the year: Tom Kite - $1,395,278

Skilled Trades Building (General Shop Building) TMP Associates, Architects

Skilled Trades Building (General Shop Building), TMP Associates, architects

Restoration Saarinen House, Greg Wittkopp, curator in charge

Restoration Saarinen House, Greg Wittkopp, curator in charge

Greek Theatre Restored; Actor's Court Rebuilt, Quinn Evans/Architects Inc.

Restoration Saarinen House, Greg Wittkopp, curator in charge

The new entrance from Woodward Avenue is opened and gives traffic a sense of the Cranbrook Campus. Architect Dan Hoffman.

Restoration Saarinen House, Greg Wittkopp, curator in charge

Restoration Saarinen House, Greg Wittkopp, curator in charge

Restoration Saarinen House, Greg Wittkopp, curator in charge

Restoration Saarinen House, Greg Wittkopp, curator in charge

The Childhood Center is open for children from 3-5. The addition was built with the orginal youthful spirit of Brookside in mind, Architect Peter Rose.

Cranbrook Institute of Science "New Institute" addition renovation is complete, Architect Steven Holl.

London City Hall, designed by Norman Foster, is built in London, England

Petronas Towers, designed by Cesar Pelli, are built in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, designed by I. M. Pei, is built in Cleveland, Ohio

Natatorium, Cranbrook Campus, Tod Williams, Billie Tsien, architects

Diamond Ranch High School, designed by Thom Mayne of Morphosis, is built in Diamond Bar, near Pomona, California

The Millennium Dome, designed by Richard Rogers, is built in London, England

The Swiss Re Tower, designed by Norman Foster, is built in London, England

The Rose Center for Earth and Space, designed by James Stewart Polshek, is built in New York City

Bethany Shorb, 2001 Sculpture

January 15 - Wikipedia, a Wiki free content encyclopedia, goes online (Wikipedia Day).

September 11 - Almost 3,000 are killed in the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attack at the World Trade Center in New York City, The Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, and in rural Shanksville, Pennsylvania.

The Food Theater Cafe, designed by Daniel Libeskind, is built in London, England

New Studios Building opened at the Cranbrook Academy of Art, Architect Raphael Moneo.

Museo Oscar Niemeyer, designed by Oscar Niemeyer, is built in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

Taipei 101, designed by C. Y. Lee & Partners, is built in Taipei, Taiwan

The Millau Viaduct, designed by Norman Foster, is built in Millau, Tarn Valley, France

The Seattle Public Library, designed by Rem Koolhaas, is built in Seattle, Washington

Tony Hepburn, Current Artist in Residence, Ceramics

Gary Griffin - Current Artist in Residence, Metalsmithing

February 1 - This page is presented